Turkish Law in EnglishTÜRKİYE
Turkish Code of Obligations

Article 12: I. General rule

Division One: Obligations Arising from Contract A. Formation of the contract I. Declaration of intent

Unless otherwise provided by law, the validity of contracts is not subject to any form.

The form prescribed by law for contracts is, as a rule, a form required for validity. Contracts formed without complying with the prescribed form produce no legal effect.

Original Turkish text

MADDE 12 · I. Genel kural

Sözleşmelerin geçerliliği, kanunda aksi öngörülmedikçe, hiçbir şekle bağlı değildir.

Kanunda sözleşmeler için öngörülen şekil, kural olarak geçerlilik şeklidir. Öngörülen şekle uyulmaksızın kurulan sözleşmeler hüküm doğurmaz.

Text as of 1 October 2026 · Official source (Turkish): mevzuat.gov.tr ↗

Unofficial translation for information only. The Turkish text published in the Official Gazette is the only authoritative version. This page is not legal advice.