Turkish Law in EnglishTÜRKİYE
Code of Civil Procedure

Article 31: Duty of the judge to clarify the case

Chapter Two: Principles Governing the Proceedings

(1) Where the clarification of the dispute so requires, the judge may have the parties make explanations, ask questions and request that evidence be produced concerning matters which he or she considers factually or legally unclear or contradictory.

Original Turkish text

MADDE 31 · Hâkimin davayı aydınlatma ödevi

(1) Hâkim, uyuşmazlığın aydınlatılmasının zorunlu kıldığı durumlarda, maddi veya hukuki açıdan belirsiz yahut çelişkili gördüğü hususlar hakkında, taraflara açıklama yaptırabilir; soru sorabilir; delil gösterilmesini isteyebilir.

Text as of 1 October 2026 · Official source (Turkish): mevzuat.gov.tr ↗

Unofficial translation for information only. The Turkish text published in the Official Gazette is the only authoritative version. This page is not legal advice.